The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system that connects physical computing devices, sensors, software, and other technologies. Data can be collected, transferred, and exchanged with other devices over the network without requiring human interactions. One challenge the development of IoT faces is the existence of anomaly data in the network. Therefore, research on anomaly detection in the IoT environment has become popular and necessary in recent years. This survey provides an overview to understand the current progress of the different anomaly detection algorithms and how they can be applied in the context of the Internet of Things. In this survey, we categorize the widely used anomaly detection machine learning and deep learning techniques in IoT into three types: clustering-based, classification-based, and deep learning based. For each category, we introduce some state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods and evaluate the advantages and limitations of each technique.

Pneumonia, a respiratory infection brought on by bacteria or viruses, affects a large number of people, especially in developing and impoverished countries where high levels of pollution, unclean living conditions, and overcrowding are frequently observed, along with insufficient medical infrastructure. Pleural effusion, a condition in which fluids fill the lung and complicate breathing, is brought on by pneumonia. Early detection of pneumonia is essential for ensuring curative care and boosting survival rates. The approach most usually used to diagnose pneumonia is chest X-ray imaging. The purpose of this work is to develop a method for the automatic diagnosis of bacterial and viral pneumonia in digital x-ray pictures. This article first presents the authors' technique, and then gives a comprehensive report on recent developments in the field of reliable diagnosis of pneumonia. In this study, here tuned a state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural network to classify plant diseases based on images and tested its performance. Deep learning architecture is compared empirically. VGG19, ResNet with 152v2, Resnext101, Seresnet152, Mobilenettv2, and DenseNet with 201 layers are among the architectures tested. Experiment data consists of two groups, sick and healthy X-ray pictures. To take appropriate action against plant diseases as soon as possible, rapid disease identification models are preferred. DenseNet201 has shown no overfitting or performance degradation in our experiments, and its accuracy tends to increase as the number of epochs increases. Further, DenseNet201 achieves state-of-the-art performance with a significantly a smaller number of parameters and within a reasonable computing time. This architecture outperforms the competition in terms of testing accuracy, scoring 95%. Each architecture was trained using Keras, using Theano as the backend.

The task of locating and classifying different types of vehicles has become a vital element in numerous applications of automation and intelligent systems ranging from traffic surveillance to vehicle identification and many more. In recent times, Deep Learning models have been dominating the field of vehicle detection. Yet, Bangladeshi vehicle detection has remained a relatively unexplored area. One of the main goals of vehicle detection is its real-time application, where `You Only Look Once' (YOLO) models have proven to be the most effective architecture. In this work, intending to find the best-suited YOLO architecture for fast and accurate vehicle detection from traffic images in Bangladesh, we have conducted a performance analysis of different variants of the YOLO-based architectures such as YOLOV3, YOLOV5s, and YOLOV5x. The models were trained on a dataset containing 7390 images belonging to 21 types of vehicles comprising samples from the DhakaAI dataset, the Poribohon-BD dataset, and our self-collected images. After thorough quantitative and qualitative analysis, we found the YOLOV5x variant to be the best-suited model, performing better than YOLOv3 and YOLOv5s models respectively by 7 & 4 percent in mAP, and 12 & 8.5 percent in terms of Accuracy.

Cartoons are an important part of our entertainment culture. Though drawing a cartoon is not for everyone, creating it using an arrangement of basic geometric primitives that approximates that character is a fairly frequent technique in art. The key motivation behind this technique is that human bodies - as well as cartoon figures - can be split down into various basic geometric primitives. Numerous tutorials are available that demonstrate how to draw figures using an appropriate arrangement of fundamental shapes, thus assisting us in creating cartoon characters. This technique is very beneficial for children in terms of teaching them how to draw cartoons. In this paper, we develop a tool - shape2toon - that aims to automate this approach by utilizing a generative adversarial network which combines geometric primitives (i.e. circles) and generate a cartoon figure (i.e. Mickey Mouse) depending on the given approximation. For this purpose, we created a dataset of geometrically represented cartoon characters. We apply an image-to-image translation technique on our dataset and report the results in this paper. The experimental results show that our system can generate cartoon characters from input layout of geometric shapes. In addition, we demonstrate a web-based tool as a practical implication of our work.

在这个时代，作为医疗的主要重点，这一时刻已经到来了。尽管令人印象深刻，但已经开发出来检测疾病的多种技术。此时，有一些类型的疾病COVID-19，正常烟，偏头痛，肺病，心脏病，肾脏疾病，糖尿病，胃病，胃病，胃病，骨骼疾病，自闭症是非常常见的疾病。在此分析中，我们根据疾病的症状进行了分析疾病症状的预测。我们研究了一系列症状，并接受了人们的调查以完成任务。已经采用了几种分类算法来训练模型。此外，使用性能评估矩阵来衡量模型的性能。最后，我们发现零件分类器超过了其他分类器。

由于计算机视觉的最新进展，流量视频数据已成为限制交通拥堵状况的关键因素。这项工作为使用颜色编码方案提供了一种独特的技术，用于在深度卷积神经网络中训练流量数据之前。首先，将视频数据转换为图像数据集。然后，使用您只看一次算法进行车辆检测。已经采用了颜色编码的方案将图像数据集转换为二进制图像数据集。这些二进制图像被馈送到深度卷积神经网络中。使用UCSD数据集，我们获得了98.2％的分类精度。

在这个大数据时代，当前一代很难从在线平台中包含的大量数据中找到正确的数据。在这种情况下，需要一个信息过滤系统，可以帮助他们找到所需的信息。近年来，出现了一个称为推荐系统的研究领域。推荐人变得重要，因为他们拥有许多现实生活应用。本文回顾了推荐系统在电子商务，电子商务，电子资源，电子政务，电子学习和电子生活中的不同技术和发展。通过分析有关该主题的最新工作，我们将能够详细概述当前的发展，并确定建议系统中的现有困难。最终结果为从业者和研究人员提供了对建议系统及其应用的必要指导和见解。

该研究检查了通过计算过滤方法Kalman滤波技术（KFT）预测短期交通流量的数量。短期流量预测是交通管理和运输系统运营的重要工具。短期交通流值结果可用于按路线指导和高级旅行者信息系统进行旅行时间估算。尽管KFT已经测试过均匀的流量，但其异质交通效率尚未研究。这项研究是在索班巴格清真寺附近达卡的米尔普尔路进行的。该流包含流量的异质组合，这意味着预测的不确定性。该命题方法使用Pykalman库在Python中执行。该库主要用于KFT框架中的高级数据库建模，该模型解决了不确定性。数据源自车辆的三个小时的交通计数。根据2005年孟加拉国公路和公路部（RHD）出版的《几何设计标准手册》，将异质的交通流量转换为同等的乘用车单元（PCU）。然后将从五分钟聚合获得的PCU用作建议的模型的数据集。命题模型的平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）为14.62，表明KFT模型可以很好地预测。根平方百分比误差（RMSPE）显示出18.73％的精度，小于25％；因此，该模型是可以接受的。开发的模型的R2值为0.879，表明它可以解释数据集中可变性的87.9％。如果在更长的时间内收集数据，则R2值可能接近1.0。

知识图，例如Wikidata，包括结构和文本知识，以表示知识。对于图形嵌入和语言模型的两种方式中的每种方法都可以学习预测新型结构知识的模式。很少有方法与模式结合学习和推断，而这些现有的方法只能部分利用结构和文本知识的相互作用。在我们的方法中，我们以单个方式的现有强烈表示为基础，并使用超复杂代数来表示（i），（i），单模式嵌入以及（ii），不同方式之间的相互作用及其互补的知识表示手段。更具体地说，我们建议4D超复合数的二脑和四个元素表示，以整合四个模态，即结构知识图形嵌入，单词级表示（例如\ word2vec，fastText，fastText），句子级表示（句子transformer）和文档级表示（句子级别）（句子级别）（句子级表示）（句子变压器，doc2vec）。我们的统一矢量表示通过汉密尔顿和二脑产物进行标记的边缘的合理性，从而对不同模态之间的成对相互作用进行建模。对标准基准数据集的广泛实验评估显示了我们两个新模型的优越性，除了稀疏的结构知识外，还可以提高链接预测任务中的性能。

步行是人类陆地运动的最常见模式之一。步行对于人类进行大多数日常活动至关重要。当一个人走路时，其中有一个模式，被称为步态。步态分析用于体育和医疗保健。我们可以以不同的方式分析该步态，例如使用监视摄像机捕获的视频或在实验室环境中的深度图像摄像机。它也可以通过可穿戴传感器识别。例如，加速度计，力传感器，陀螺仪，柔性旋转仪，磁电阻传感​​器，电磁跟踪系统，力传感器和肌电图（EMG）。通过这些传感器进行分析需要实验室条件，否则用户必须佩戴这些传感器。为了检测人的步态作用异常，我们需要分别合并传感器。我们可以在发现后通过异常步态知道自己的健康状况。了解常规的步态与异常步态可能会使用智能可穿戴技术对受试者的健康状况有所了解。因此，在本文中，我们提出了一种通过智能手机传感器分析异常步态的方法。尽管如今，大多数人都使用了智能手机和智能手表等智能设备。因此，我们可以使用这些智能可穿戴设备的传感器来追踪他们的步态。